The types of antibiotics used depend on the species in culture and the regulations of the country where aquaculture is carried out.
For instance, to name a few countries that authorize the use of antibiotics for aquaculture, in the USA the Food and Drugs Administration agency (FDA) allows sulfamethoxine/ormethoprim, florfenicol and oxytetracycline (Henriksson et al., 2018). In Chile, florfenicol, oxytetracycline, erytromicin, timicosin y tiamulin, are mostly used in marine water farms (SERNAPESCA, 2022). Taiwan authorization includes oxytetracycline, erythromycin, flumequine, Sulfadimethoxine, sulfamonomethoxine, and lincomycin (Lai et al., 2018). However, there is still a lack of data available on antimicrobial use in aquaculture worldwide (Noordin et al., 2020)
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Source:
Henriksson PJ, Rico A, Troell M, Klinger DH, Buschmann AH, Saksida S, Chadang MV, Zhang W (2018) Unpacking factors influencing antimicrobial use in global aquaculture and their implication for management: a review from a systems perspective. Sustainable Science 13(4): 1105-1120
Lai WWP, Lin YC, Wang YH, Guo YL, Lin, AYC (2018) Occurrence of emerging contaminants in aquaculture waters: cross-contamination between aquaculture systems and surrounding waters. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 229 (8), 1-12. DOI: 10.1007/s11270-018-3901-3
NOAA (2022) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration – NOAA, Office of Aquaculture. Antibiotic Use in finfish, Fact Sheet 2022. 2pp.
Noordin WNM, Misol JR G, Johari R (2020) Aquaculture Component of National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance in Malaysia. Asian Fisheries Society, 33(S1), 90-96. DOI: 10.33997/j.afs.2020.33.S1.013
SERNAPESCA (2022) Antibiotics uses in the salmon Chilean industry. Aquaculture Sub-direction, Animal Health Department, Valparaíso. Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism, Chile. 13pp.
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